Proper Use. Drug information provided by: IBM Micromedex. Chloramphenicol is best taken with a full glass (8 ounces) of water on an empty stomach (either 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals), unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Chloramphenicol ophthalmic preparations are used to treat infections of the eye. Chloramphenicol may be given alone or with other medicines that are taken by mouth for eye infections. Chloramphenicol may be given alone or with other medicines that are taken by mouth for eye infections. Chloramphenicol is the only alternative drug used to treat RMSF; however, epidemiologic studies suggest that RMSF patients treated with chloramphenicol are at higher risk for death than people who received a tetracycline-class antibiotic. Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic indicated in both adults and children for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by chloramphenicol susceptible organisms including : Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus, Morax-axenfeld, Klebsiella/Enterobacter species and others. Medscape - Indication-specific dosing for Chloramphenicol IV, Chloromycetin (chloramphenicol), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, and cost information. DESCRIPTION. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that is clinically useful for, and should be reserved for, serious infections caused by organisms susceptible to its antimicrobial effects when less potentially hazardous therapeutic agents are ineffective or contraindicated. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. This includes use as an eye ointment to treat conjunctivitis. By mouth or by injection into a vein, it is used to treat meningitis, plague, cholera, and typhoid fever. Its. Chloramphenicol is prescription intravenous antibiotic for treatment of serious infections and systemic infections. Chloramphenicol is available under the following different brand names: Chloramphenicol IV and Chloromyectin. Pediatric patients with immature metabolic processes: In young infants and other pediatric patients with suspected immature metabolic functions, a total of 25 mg/kg/day generally produces therapeutic drug levels in the blood; the blood level of this drug should be carefully monitored in these patients. General information. Chloramphenicol is a synthetic broadspectrum antimicrobial which is active against most Gram-negative and Grampositive aerobic bacteria.